increpo Latin · revision 30922

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la in-, ine-pro *ḱrep-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɪŋ.krɛ.poː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈiŋ.kre.po]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''increpō''' (present infinitive increpāre, perfect active increpuī or increpāvī, supine increpitum or increpātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Besides ''increpuī'' and ''increpitum'' the forms ''increpāvī'' and ''increpātus'' occur.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|in-|crepō|t2=to rattle, crack]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|crepō]] to [[itc-pro|*krepa-]] and [[ine-pro|*ḱrep-|t=to rattle, crackle]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) In the ''Amphitruo'' a man trembles: ''ita mē increpuit Iuppiter'', “so did Jupiter thunder at me”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Intransitively it is to make a sharp, loud noise, to rattle, clash or roar, as Cicero's discus that rang out, and figuratively of alarms that suddenly sound.^(OLD 2012) Transitively it is to make something sound, and to fall upon someone noisily.^(OLD 2012) Plautus already has it of loud reproaches, and its most common sense is to rebuke or chide, to protest against faults, and to say something scornfully.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Virgil and other poets use it of urging on.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “rebuke, reprove, blame, chide, scold, rattle”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of thunder and of reproaches.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of scornful words.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a ringing discus and of sudden alarms.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # ''(intransitive)'' To make a loud noise, [[m|en|rattle]], [[m|en|clash]], roar, ''(of alarms)'' to break out.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To make to sound; to fall upon noisily.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|rebuke]], chide, scold.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To protest against, [[m|en|inveigh]] against; to say scornfully.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(poetic)'' To urge on, exhort.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[increpātiō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[crepō]]

+ * [[crepitus]]

+ * [[concrepō]]

+ * [[discrepō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}