insero Latin · revision 30921

+ {{homograph|1|sow, graft}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la in-, ine-pro *seh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈĩː.sɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈin.se.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnserō''' (present infinitive īnserere, perfect active īnsēvī, supine īnsitum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The verb “sow, graft” is formed [[af|la|in-|serō|t2=to sow]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces this [[m|la|serō]] to [[itc-pro|*si-se/o-|t=to sow]] and the reduplicated present [[ine-pro|*si-sh₁-e/o-|t=to sow]], from [[ine-pro|*seh₁-]]; cognate with [[lt|sėti|t=to sow]] and [[got|𐍃𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌽|tr=saian|t=to sow]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cato, ''De agri cultura'', of olive cuttings set in the nursery: ''eās sīc īnseritō'', “plant them like this”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to sow or plant, and to graft a scion on a tree: Cato tells how to take a shoot of the kind one wishes to graft, Varro grafts a good pear on a wild one, and Virgil says wild trees lose their wild nature when grafted.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to implant or root: Cicero says eloquence plants new opinions and pulls out those already implanted.^(OLD 2012) Its participle ''īnsitus'' is “inborn”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “implant, ingraft, insert”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of planting and grafting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of grafting pears.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of implanting opinions.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|sow]] or plant (in).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|graft]] (a scion; a tree).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(figuratively)'' To [[m|en|implant]], fix.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[īnsitus]]

+ * [[īnsitiō]]

+ * [[īnsitīvus]]

+

+ {{homograph|2|insert}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=280/260–before 200 BC, Livius Andronicus|origins=la in-, ine-pro *ser-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈĩː.sɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈin.se.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnserō''' (present infinitive īnserere, perfect active īnseruī, supine īnsertum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Livius Andronicus has the old passive ''īnserinuntur''.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The verb “insert” is formed [[af|la|in-|serō|t2=to join, string together]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces this [[m|la|serō]] to [[itc-pro|*sere/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*ser-|t=to thread, tie together]], cognate with [[grc|εἴρω|tr=eírō|t=to fasten together]] and [[osc|aserum|t=to lay on]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan's first author is Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to put or thrust in, to insert: Cicero, translating Aeschylus, has wedges driven in that break the limbs, and Ovid's ''oculōs īnserere'' is to look into something.^(OLD 2012) It is also to attach or join, and ''manūs īnserere'' is to lay hands on.^(OLD 2012) It is to put among others or include, as Horace's boy who could be set among a chorus of girls, and to insert into a book or speech, as Livy's speaker who inserts complaints and demands.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “introduce, enroll, insert, intrude”.^(Stelten 1995) English ''insert'' (1520s) comes from its participle ''īnsertus''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of driving in wedges.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace of including among others.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of inserting in a speech.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1520s – English [[m|en|insert]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To put in, [[m|en|insert]], introduce.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To attach, join, ''manūs īnserere'', to lay hands on.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To place among, include; to insert (in a book or speech).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[īnsertō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[serō]]

+ * [[sēmen]]

+ * [[seriēs]]

+ * [[en|insert]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}