edo Latin · revision 3092

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=ine-pro *h₁ed-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɛ.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''edō''' (present infinitive edere or ēsse, perfect active ēdī, supine ēsum or ēssum or ēstum); third conjugation, irregular alternative forms^(Wiktionary)

+ It has short irregular forms beside the regular ones: ''es'', ''est'', ''estis'', infinitive ''esse''; the older subjunctive is ''edim''.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*ed-|t=to eat]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₁éd-mi|t=I eat]], an old athematic verb.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The long vowel of the short forms and of the participle is due to Lachmann's law.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[osc|edum|t=to eat]],^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) and further with [[hit|ed-|t=to eat]], [[sa|अद्मि|tr=ádmi|t=I eat]], [[grc|ἔδω|tr=édō|t=to eat]], [[lt|ė́sti|t=to eat (of animals)]], [[got|𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽|tr=itan|t=to eat]] and [[en|eat]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Livius Andronicus onwards.^(de Vaan 2008) A parasite in Plautus says “like mice, we always eat other people's food”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to [[m|en|eat]], of people and animals, as Cato's advice to eat cabbage raw.^(OLD 2012) Terence's ''de symbolis edere'' was to dine with each guest paying a share.^(Georges 1913)^(Gaffiot 2016) Figuratively fire, rust, water and disease were said to eat things away, as Virgil's rust that eats the stalks of corn.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ From it came [[edax|alt=edāx]] “greedy”, [[esca|alt=ēsca]] “food, bait” and [[esurio|alt=ēsuriō]] “to be hungry”.^(de Vaan 2008) Medieval writers kept using it for eating.^(MLW)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for eating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it in advice on eating cabbage.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses ''de symbolis edere''.^(Georges 1913)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of rust eating corn.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|eat]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(of fire, rust, etc.)'' To eat away, consume.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[peredō]]

+ * [[comedō]]

+ * [[edāx]]

+ * [[ēsca]]

+ * [[ēsuriō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|edible]]

+ * [[en|comestible]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Two other words are spelled the same: ''ēdō'', ''ēdere'', from [[ex]] and [[do|alt=dō]], means to put forth or publish, and is the source of English ''edit'';^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) and ''edō'', ''edōnis'', is a glutton, in Varro.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}