crus Latin · revision 30911

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=itc-pro *krūs-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈkruːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈkrus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''crūs''' ''n'' (genitive crūris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*krūs-]].^(de Vaan 2008) Its further origin is unclear: de Vaan notes that with [[xcl|սրունք|tr=srunkʻ|t=calf, shin]] it could go back to a root ⟨*ḱruH-⟩, but the Armenian word may be a loan from Iranian.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The OLD calls it doubtful, and Lewis and Short thought it akin to [[m|la|currō|t=to run]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, ''Menaechmi'': a man says he has vowed his broken leg (''crūs frāctum'') to Aesculapius.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the leg, especially the lower leg, shin or shank, of people and animals, Ennius has cranes setting down their soft legs.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Plautus speaks of legs beaten or broken as a punishment, and Tibullus of legs ringing with fetters.^(OLD 2012) Columella uses it of the stem of a vine, and Catullus of the uprights of a rickety little bridge.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “leg, shank”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a broken leg.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of cranes' legs.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of the legs of a bridge.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella of the stem of a vine.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|leg]], especially the lower leg, [[m|en|shin]], [[m|en|shank]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # The stem of a shrub or vine.^(OLD 2012)

+ # An upright support (of a bridge).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[crūrālis]]

+ * [[crūricrepida]]

+ * [[Crūrifragius]]

+ * [[crusculum]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}