sepulcrum Latin · revision 30896

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *sepel-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [sɛˈpʊɫ.krũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [seˈpul.krum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sepulcrum''' ''n'' (genitive sepulcrī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The spelling ''sepulchrum'', with ''ch'' as for Greek χ, is common in inscriptions and elsewhere from the 2nd century BC.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|sepeliō|t=to bury]] with the instrument suffix [[m|la|-crum]], like [[m|la|fulcrum]] from [[m|la|fulciō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces the verb to [[itc-pro|*sepel-je/o-|t=to bury]] and [[ine-pro|*sepel-ye/o-|t=to honour]], cognate with [[grc|ἕπω|tr=hépō|t=to take care of]]; ⟨sepul-⟩ in the noun is analogical.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) In Terence's ''Andria'' it is the pyre: ''ad sepulcrum venimus; in ignem impositast'', “we came to the pyre; she was laid on the fire”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a burial place, grave or tomb, and also the funeral pyre, as in Terence and Lucan.^(OLD 2012) By metonymy the plural is the dead, as Catullus' ''mūtīs sepulcrīs'', the silent dead.^(OLD 2012) English ''sepulchre'' (c. 1200), from it through Old French, was used especially of the tomb of Christ, the Holy Sepulchre.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a funeral pyre.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81/79–52/50 BC – Catullus of the dead.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English [[m|en|sepulchre]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|grave]], [[m|en|tomb]], burial place, [[m|en|sepulchre]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A funeral pyre.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(plural, by metonymy)'' The dead.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[sepulcrālis]]

+ * [[sepulcrētum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sepultūra]]

+ * [[sepeliō]]

+ * [[en|sepulchre]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}