vulgo Latin · revision 30891

+ {{homograph|1|commonly}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la vulgus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈwʊɫ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈvul.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vulgō''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''volgō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The adverb “commonly” is formed from [[m|la|vulgus|t=the common people, the crowd]] with the adverbial ending [[m|la|-ō]], an old dative or ablative.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan says ⟨vulgus⟩ may go back to [[itc-pro|*wolgo-]] or ⟨*welgos-⟩, with no further etymology.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) In the ''Bacchides'' a man would rather die than have the disgrace spread ''vulgō'', among everyone.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means in a way common to all, publicly, often of prostitution, and in the jurists promiscuously: a child born ''vulgō'' follows the status of its mother.^(OLD 2012) More generally it is commonly or usually, as a rule, already in Plautus, also with a third person plural, “people usually”: ''facit ille quod vulgō haud solent'', “he does what people usually don't”.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin glosses it “commonly, generally, publicly, everywhere”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus in the senses “publicly” and “usually”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # Publicly, to all, ''(law)'' promiscuously.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Commonly, [[m|en|usually]], generally.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ {{homograph|2|make public}}

+

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la vulgus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈwʊɫ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈvul.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''vulgō''' (present infinitive vulgāre, perfect active vulgāvī, supine vulgātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''volgō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The verb “make public” is formed from [[m|la|vulgus|t=the common people, the crowd]] with the verb suffix [[m|la|-ō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has it of making someone common to all, and of a woman who prostituted herself in her husband's absence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to make something available to all or common, to prostitute one's body, and to make a rule general.^(OLD 2012) It is to scatter abroad, as Lucretius' first elements spread through time, and to spread a disease: Livy says the very contagion spread the sickness.^(OLD 2012) Above all it is to make widely known or spread a report, as Varro's ''in vulgum vulgās'', and with an infinitive to spread the story that something happened (Livy).^(OLD 2012) It is to publish a literary work (Martial), to expose to view, and to make famous (Ovid).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “publish, spread, make known”.^(Stelten 1995) Its participle gave the name of the Vulgate, the Bible in common use, from Late Latin ''vulgāta'', English ''Vulgate'' dates from about 1600.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of making common and prostituting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius of scattering abroad.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of spreading disease and news.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 40–102/103 AD – Martial of publishing poems.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1600 – English [[m|en|Vulgate]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To make common to all; to [[m|en|prostitute]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To spread abroad; to spread (a disease).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make known, [[m|en|publish]], [[m|en|divulge]]; to publish (a book).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To make famous.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dīvulgō]]

+ * [[ēvulgō]]

+ * [[pervulgō]]

+ * [[vulgātus]]

+ * [[vulgātor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[vulgāris]]

+ * [[vulgāritās]]

+ * [[vulgāriter]]

+ * [[vulgārius]]

+ * [[vulgivagus]]

+ * [[vulgus]]

+ * [[en|Vulgate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}