iuventa Latin · revision 30887

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=106–43 BC, Laberius|origins=ine-pro *h₂yuh₁en-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [jʊˈwɛn.ta]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [juˈvɛn.ta]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''iuventa''' ''f'' (genitive iuventae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''juventa''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|iuvenis|t=young]]; the OLD suggests it was short for ⟨iuventa aetās⟩, like [[m|la|senecta|t=old age]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan regards [[m|la|iuventūs]] as the older abstract, and traces ⟨iuvenis⟩ to [[itc-pro|*juwen-|t=young]] and [[ine-pro|*h₂yuh₁en-|t=possessing vital force, young]], cognate with [[lt|jaunas|t=young]].^(de Vaan 2008) Wiktionary compares [[got|𐌾𐌿𐌽𐌳𐌰𐌹|tr=jundai|t=youth]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler give Laberius as its first author: ''quem nūlla vīs in iuventā dē statū movēre potuit'', “whom no force could move from his position in youth”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is the time of youth, and the state of being young: Cicero has ''prīmō ā flōre iuventae'', “from the first flower of youth”.^(OLD 2012) Concretely it is young men as a group (Valerius Flaccus), and Silius uses it of youthful vigour.^(OLD 2012) Personified it is the goddess of youth, Hebe, to whom Ovid's Medea builds an altar.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short find it mostly after Augustus, for classical ⟨iuventūs⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

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+ Church Latin glosses it “age of youth, time of youth, teens”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 106–43 BC – Laberius of the time of youth.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the flower of youth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid of the goddess of youth.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The age of [[m|en|youth]]; youthfulness.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Young men, the youth; youthful vigour.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(personified)'' The goddess of youth, [[m|en|Hebe]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[iuvenis]]

+ * [[iuventūs]]

+ * [[iūnior]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''iuventa'', the season of youth, from [[iuventūs]], a body of young men, and [[Iuventās]], the goddess of youth.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}