iracundia Latin · revision 30883

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₁eysh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [iː.raːˈkʊn.di.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [i.raˈkun.di.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īrācundia''' ''f'' (genitive īrācundiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|īrācundus|-ia|t1=irascible]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The adjective comes from [[m|la|īra|t=anger]] with a suffix ⟨-cundus⟩ taken from other adjectives; de Vaan traces ⟨īra⟩ to [[ine-pro|*h₁eysh₂-|t=anger]], cognate with [[grc|οἶμα|tr=oîma|t=rush, spring]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan gives Plautus as its first author.^(de Vaan 2008) In the ''Curculio'' a man says he goes about angry with no moderate ''īrācundia''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a proneness to anger, hot temper: in Terence Demea is told to drop his irascibility and be cheerful at his son's wedding.^(OLD 2012) It is also anger itself, passion or resentment, as in Plautus.^(OLD 2012) Cicero sets it among the lasting dispositions of the mind, as anxiety is in some people, irascibility in others.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Church Latin glosses it “wrath, anger”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of anger.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a hot temper.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of irascibility as a disposition.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Proneness to anger, hot temper, [[m|en|irascibility]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # [[m|en|anger|alt=Anger]], [[m|en|wrath]], passion.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[īrācundus]]

+ * [[īra]]

+ * [[īrāscor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}