splendidus Latin · revision 30879

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *spl̥nd-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈspɫɛn.dɪ.dʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsplɛn.di.dus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''splendidus''' (feminine splendida, neuter splendidum, comparative splendidior, superlative splendidissimus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|splendeō|-idus|t1=to shine]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|splendeō]] to [[itc-pro|*splnd-ē-]] and [[ine-pro|*spl̥nd-eh₁-|t=to be manifest]], cognate with [[sga|sluindid|t=to declare, name]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan and Köbler give Ennius as its first author: ''Ō magna templa caelitum, commixta stellīs splendidīs'', “O great regions of the gods, mingled with shining stars”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is bright or shining, of stars, of polished surfaces (Cato: furniture rubbed with oil lees will shine more), and of colours, and Cicero uses it of a clear, ringing voice.^(OLD 2012) Of things it is splendid or superb, as Cicero's fine dishes and baskets, and of persons brilliant in their way of life (Nepos on Alcibiades).^(OLD 2012) As a general compliment it is brilliant or illustrious, of provinces and communities, of rank, and as an epithet of the knights.^(OLD 2012) Of style it is bright or vivid, and of names showy.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “bright, shining, glittering, brilliant, splendid, magnificent”.^(Stelten 1995) English ''splendid'' (1620s) is probably shortened from the earlier ''splendidious''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of shining stars.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato of polished furniture.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a clear voice and of an illustrious province.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos of a brilliant way of life.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1620s – English [[m|en|splendid]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Bright, shining, [[m|en|glittering]], ''(of the voice)'' clear.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # [[m|en|splendid|alt=Splendid]], superb, sumptuous, ''(of persons)'' brilliant.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # [[m|en|illustrious|alt=Illustrious]], distinguished, ''(epithet of the knights)'' most distinguished.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(of style)'' Bright, vivid; showy.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[splendidō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[splendeō]]

+ * [[splendor]]

+ * [[en|splendid]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}