arcesso Latin · revision 30875

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *kers-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [arˈkɛs.sɔ]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [arˈt͡ʃɛs.so]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''arcessō''' (present infinitive arcessere, perfect active arcessīvī, supine arcessītum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''accersō''.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+ Some forms follow the fourth conjugation, as the infinitive ''arcessīrī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ De Vaan traces it to [[itc-pro|*kers-s-e/o-]] and [[ine-pro|*kers-|t=to run]], the root of [[m|la|currō|t=to run]].^(de Vaan 2008) It has two forms, ⟨accersō⟩ and ⟨arcessō⟩, both current in Plautus' time; one arose from the other by an unusual metathesis or by analogy, and Nussbaum takes ⟨accersō⟩, from [[m|la|ad-]] with a desiderative of the root, as the original.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The OLD calls the origin doubtful.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, ''Captivi'': ''quaesō hominem ut iubeās arcessī'', “please have the man sent for”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to send for, fetch, summon or invite people, and military help or troops; poets use it of calling back the dead or invoking a god.^(OLD 2012) In law it is to summon before a court, to accuse, as in Cicero's Verrines.^(OLD 2012) It is also to fetch things (Plautus: he will go and fetch the gold), to import arts and cults, to draw from a source, and to raise money (Juvenal).^(OLD 2012) Plautus uses it of adding one evil to another, Curtius of claiming divine honours, and Cicero of bringing in ornament where it is not needed.^(OLD 2012) It is to bring something on oneself, and to induce sleep or tears, as Celsus' sleep induced by drugs.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “summon”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of sending for people and things.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of summoning to court.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus of inducing sleep.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To send for, fetch, [[m|en|summon]], invite; to call up (troops); to call back (the dead).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To summon before a court, [[m|en|arraign]], accuse.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To fetch (things); to import; to derive (from a source).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To add improperly, drag in; to claim (honours).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bring on (oneself); to induce (sleep, tears).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[arcessiō]]

+ * [[arcessitio]]

+ * [[arcessitor]]

+ * [[arcessītus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[currō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein notes that ''arcessere'' and ''accersere'' simply mean to send for, while [[acciō|alt=accīre]] is to invite an equal and [[ēvocō|alt=ēvocāre]] to summon a subordinate.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}