ascendo Latin · revision 30874

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=280/260–before 200 BC, Livius Andronicus|origins=la ad-, ine-pro *skend-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [asˈkɛn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [aʃˈʃɛn.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ascendō''' (present infinitive ascendere, perfect active ascendī, supine ascēnsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''adscendō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|ad-|scandō|t1=to|t2=to climb]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|scandō]] to [[itc-pro|*skand-e/o-|t=to ascend]] and [[ine-pro|*skend-|t=to jump up, ascend]], cognate with [[sga|sceinnid|t=to jump]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan's first author is Livius Andronicus, in a tragedy: ''quī ascendunt altum ocrim'', “who climb the high mountain”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to go up, climb or mount, and in war to scale walls, as Caesar's soldiers who set up ladders.^(OLD 2012) Of things it is to rise, as Cicero's sun, to mount a platform or bed, and to ascend into heaven.^(OLD 2012) It is to go on board a ship (Nepos), to mount a horse, and of animals to cover the female (Columella).^(OLD 2012) Of rivers it is to rise, as Seneca's Nile, and of the voice to grow louder by degrees (Cicero).^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is to rise to a high position, as Cicero's men who could not reach the highest place in the state, and to pass through a series of stages; in the jurists ''ascendentēs'' are ancestors.^(OLD 2012) Church Latin uses it simply of going up, rising or growing.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ English ''ascend'' (late 14th century) comes from it.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus of climbing a mountain.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of the sun rising and of rising in the state.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of scaling walls.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|ascend]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To go up, [[m|en|climb]], [[m|en|ascend]]; to scale (walls).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(of things)'' To rise; to mount (a platform); ''caelum ascendere'', to ascend to heaven.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To embark on (a ship); to mount (a horse); ''(of animals)'' to cover.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(of rivers, the voice)'' To rise, increase.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To rise to, attain (a high position); to pass through (stages); ''ascendentēs'', ancestors.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ascendibilis]]

+ * [[ascensibilis]]

+ * [[ascēnsiō]]

+ * [[ascēnsor]]

+ * [[ascēnsus]]

+ * [[inascensus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[scandō]]

+ * [[dēscendō]]

+ * [[cōnscendō]]

+ * [[scālae]]

+ * [[en|ascend]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}