erumpo Latin · revision 30861

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=234–149 BC, Cato|origins=la ex-, ine-pro *Hreup-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [eːˈrʊm.poː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eˈrum.po]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ērumpō''' (present infinitive ērumpere, perfect active ērūpī, supine ēruptum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|ex-|rumpō|t1=out|t2=to break, burst]].^(OLD 2012)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|rumpō]] to [[itc-pro|*ru-n-p-]] and [[ine-pro|*Hru-n-p-|t=to break]], cognate with [[sa|रोपयति|tr=ropáyati|t=causes racking pain]] and [[ang|rēofan|t=to break, tear]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Cato, of cabbage as a medicine: it brings swellings to a head and makes them burst (''ērumpit''), a transitive use that Lewis & Short call mostly Old Latin.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Pacuvius has the winds breaking out from every side (''undique omnēs ventī ērumpunt'').^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is usually intransitive: of people and animals, to burst out from a restraint, as Catiline broke out of the city (Cicero), and of troops, to make a sortie (Caesar).^(OLD 2012) Of natural forces it is said of wind and fire, of bodily fluids such as pus, and of springs bursting from a plain (Lucretius).^(OLD 2012) It also means to burst on the view, become suddenly visible, as stars shone out in daylight (Seneca), and of plants and buds, to sprout.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it is the breaking out of feelings, faults and events.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “erupt, break up, break out”.^(Stelten 1995) English ''erupt'' dates from the 1650s, of diseases, and of volcanoes from 1770.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato, transitive, of making a swelling burst.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius of winds breaking out.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of Catiline breaking out of Rome.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar of a sortie.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1650s – English [[m|en|erupt]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|burst]] out, break out;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(military)'' to make a [[m|en|sortie]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(of wind, fire, fluids, rivers)'' To burst forth.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To appear suddenly;^(OLD 2012) ''(of plants)'' to sprout.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(figurative)'' To break out (into an emotion or act); ''(of events)'' to come to a head.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To cause to burst; to break out of.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ēruptiō]]

+ * [[eruptor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rumpō]]

+ * [[en|erupt]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}