comperio Latin · revision 30853

+ {{infobox|confidence=disputed|formation=compound|attested=190–159 BC, Terence}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [kɔmˈpɛ.ri.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [komˈpɛː.ri.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''comperiō''' (present infinitive comperīre, perfect active comperī, supine compertum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Deponent forms (''comperior'') occur only in the first person singular of the present.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|con-]] and a verb ⟨*-periō⟩ that is found also in [[m|la|experior|t=to try]] and [[m|la|reperiō|t=to find]], and in [[m|la|perīculum|t=trial, danger]] and [[m|la|perītus|t=experienced]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) The TLL thinks its conjugation was remodelled on ⟨reperiō⟩.^(TLL) Wiktionary instead derives it from [[m|la|pariō|t=to produce]], [[ine-pro|*perh₃-|t=to produce, beget]], and Lewis & Short mention both views.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Terence, ''Andria'': ''comperiēbam nīl ad Pamphilum quicquam attinēre'', “I found out that none of it concerned Pamphilus”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is to find out a fact by inquiry, learn or discover, with an accusative, an accusative and infinitive, or an indirect question (Livy: he learned from scouts how careless the enemy were).^(OLD 2012) It also means to learn by experience, to find something proved or verified, as Terence's character finds a woman better than he had thought.^(OLD 2012) With a predicate it means to find someone guilty: Livy's consul beheaded those he found guilty, and Suetonius has a man convicted of adultery (''compertum adulterāre'').^(OLD 2012) The participle ''compertus'' “ascertained, certain” is common in phrases such as ''compertum habēre'', “to know for certain”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “find, obtain certain knowledge”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence in the senses “find out” and “find by experience”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a crime discovered.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of finding men guilty.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To find out, [[m|en|learn]], [[m|en|discover]], ascertain.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To learn by experience; to find, [[m|en|verify]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To find (someone) guilty.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[experior]]

+ * [[reperiō]]

+ * [[perīculum]]

+ * [[perītus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}