repentinus Latin · revision 30825

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|formation=derivation|attested=190–159 BC, Terence|origins=la repēns}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛ.pɛnˈtiː.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [re.penˈtiː.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''repentīnus''' (feminine repentīna, neuter repentīnum); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|repēns|-īnus|t1=sudden]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The origin of [[m|la|repēns]] is uncertain.^(de Vaan 2008) De Vaan prefers to connect it with [[m|la|rapiō|t=to seize]], as an aorist participle [[ine-pro|*h₁rep-n̥t-|t=seizing]];^(de Vaan 2008) Walde–Hofmann and Pokorny derived it from a root ⟨*wrep-⟩ “to twist”, “with a sudden turn”, and Ernout–Meillet from [[m|la|re-]] and the root of [[m|la|pendō]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Terence, ''Andria'': my heart is moved by the wonder of so great and so sudden a blessing (''tam repentīnō hōc bonō'').^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means sudden, happening without warning, as Cicero's ''adventus hostium repentīnus'', “a sudden enemy attack”, as opposed to an expected one, and of an enemy acting without warning (Livy).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) ''Dē repentīnō'' is “all of a sudden” (Apuleius).^(OLD 2012) It is also said of what appears without previous development, as Cicero's ''ignōtī hominēs et repentīnī'', “unknown upstarts”, of an extempore speaker, and of things made in an emergency, as Varro's makeshift huts.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “sudden”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence of a sudden blessing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro of makeshift huts.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of sudden attacks and upstarts.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius: ''dē repentīnō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|sudden]], [[m|en|unexpected]], hasty.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Newly risen, [[m|en|upstart]];^(OLD 2012) ''(of a speaker)'' [[m|en|extempore]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Improvised (for an emergency).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[repēns]]

+ * [[repente]]

+ * [[subitus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}