obeo Latin · revision 30819

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la ob-, ine-pro *h₁ey-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɔ.be.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɔː.be.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''obeō''' (present infinitive obīre, perfect active obiī or obīvī, supine obitum); irregular conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Virgil has the perfect ''obīvit''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Ennius has the lengthened present ''obīnunt''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|ob-|eō|t1=towards, against|t2=to go]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces [[m|la|eō]] to [[itc-pro|*ei-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₁ey-|t=to go]], and notes the Ennian form ⟨obīnunt⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, ''Aulularia'': ''ubi is obiit mortem quī mī id aurum crēdidit'', “when the man who entrusted that gold to me met his death”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its basic sense is going to meet something: to come up against rivals (Quintus Cicero), and to visit a place to inspect it, as Ennius' ''Acherontem obībō'', “I will visit Acheron”.^(OLD 2012) From this it means surveying with the eyes, in speech or in the mind, and, of seas, enclosing lands (Virgil).^(OLD 2012) It is to take on a task or office, as on the day a magistrate entered office, to meet one's bail (''vadimōnia obīre''), and to keep an appointment or attend a function.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ The phrases ''mortem obīre'' and ''diem (suprēmum) obīre'', “to meet one's death”, are already in Plautus.^(OLD 2012) Later ''obīre'' alone came to mean “to die”, as an inscription records, and of things to perish.^(OLD 2012) Of stars it is to set, as Orion and the Hare in Cicero's ''Aratea''.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein lists ''obīre mortem'' among the expressions for dying.^(Döderlein 1874) Church Latin glosses it “die, fulfill, perform”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''mortem obīre'' and ''diem obīre'', “to die”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius: ''Acherontem obībō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of stars setting and of keeping appointments.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil of surveying and of seas enclosing lands.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To meet, come up against; to visit (to inspect).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|survey]], review (with the eyes, in speech or thought).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To surround, enclose.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To take on, [[m|en|undertake]] (a task or office); to perform.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To attend; to keep (an appointment); ''(law)'' to meet (one's bail).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(with mortem or diem)'' To meet one's death;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(intransitive)'' to [[m|en|die]], perish.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(of heavenly bodies)'' To [[m|en|set]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[obitiō]]

+ * [[obitus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[eō]]

+ * [[intereō]]

+ * [[pereō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}