exilium Latin · revision 30807

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la exul}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɛkˈsɪ.li.ũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [eɡˈziː.li.um]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exilium''' ''n'' (genitive exiliī or exilī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''exsilium''.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ Seneca has the ablative plural ''exilis''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|exul|-ium|t1=exile, banished person]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) The OLD explains [[m|la|exul]] as [[m|la|ex-]] with a root ⟨*ul-⟩ “go” also found in [[m|la|ambulō]], rather than from [[m|la|solum|t=ground]], as the ancients thought.^(OLD 2012) Cassiodorus explained it as ⟨exsolium⟩, going out of one's land, an etymology the TLL calls false.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus: ''tē in exilium īre hinc oportet'', “you must go from here into exile”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Exilium'' is banishment and the state of an exile, chiefly in phrases such as ''in exilium īre'' and ''in exilium ēicere'' (Cicero).^(OLD 2012) It is also the place of exile, and in the plural the exiles themselves.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “exile, banishment”.^(Stelten 1995) In medieval Latin it also meant imprisonment and the laying waste of land, destruction.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''tē in exilium īre hinc oportet''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of driving a citizen into exile.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|banishment]], [[m|en|exile]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A place of exile.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Imprisonment.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Devastation, ruin.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exilicus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[exul]]

+ * [[ambulō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}