ingredior Latin · revision 30798

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *gʰredʰ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ɪŋˈɡrɛ.di.ɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [iŋˈɡrɛː.di.or]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ingredior''' (present infinitive ingredī, perfect active ingressus sum); third (-iō variant) conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus may have the infinitive ''ingredīrī'', Lucretius splits it (''inque gredī''); the archaic compound ''indugredior'' is found in Lucretius.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|in-|gradior|t1=in, into|t2=to step, walk]], with the vowel weakened in the compound.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) De Vaan explains ⟨-gredior⟩ for expected ⟨*-gridior⟩ by analogy with the participle ⟨-gressus⟩, and traces [[m|la|gradior]] to [[itc-pro|*grad-ei-]], from a root that Wiktionary gives as [[ine-pro|*gʰredʰ-|t=to step]];^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) he compares [[sga|in·greinn|t=to chase]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus: ''ingressus fluvium rapidum'', “having gone into a swift river”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) Ennius has ''quod iter incipiam ingredī?'', “what road shall I start to take?”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Ingredior'' is to go into or onto a place, properly on foot, and to set out on a road.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Figuratively it is to enter on a period of office or of life (Sallust: ''ubi prīmum magistrātum ingressus est'') and to begin an undertaking, a speech or a subject (with an infinitive, “to begin to”).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Used alone it is to walk, move forward (Cicero, of a man who could hardly walk), and to advance to the attack.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein notes that ''ingredī'', like ''intrāre'' and ''introīre'', is a literal entering, while ''inīre'' is almost always figurative.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In the Bible it is also to go in to a woman.^(Wiktionary) Church Latin glosses it “enter, come in, advance, begin”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|ingredient]] (early 15th century) and [[m|en|ingress]] (mid-15th century) come from its present participle and its noun ''ingressus''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''ingressus fluvium rapidum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius: ''quod iter incipiam ingredī?''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of entering office.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English [[m|en|ingredient]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To go into, [[m|en|enter]]; to step onto.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To set out on (a road).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To enter upon (an office, a stage of life).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To embark on, [[m|en|begin]] (an undertaking, a speech); to begin to.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To walk, advance, proceed.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To advance to the attack; to assail.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(biblical)'' To go in to (a woman).^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ingressiō]]

+ * [[ingressus]]

+ * [[superingredior]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[aggredior]]

+ * [[antegredior]]

+ * [[congredior]]

+ * [[dēgredior]]

+ * [[dīgredior]]

+ * [[ēgredior]]

+ * [[gradior]]

+ * [[prōgredior]]

+ * [[regredior]]

+ * [[retrōgradior]]

+ * [[gradus]]

+ * [[en|ingredient]]

+ * [[en|ingress]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}