repello Latin · revision 30772

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *pelh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [rɛˈpɛl.loː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [reˈpɛl.lo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''repellō''' (present infinitive repellere, perfect active reppulī, supine repulsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ The perfect is ''reppulī'', less correctly ''repulī''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[af|la|re-|pellō|t1=back|t2=to drive, push]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) De Vaan traces [[m|la|pellō]] to a nasal present of [[ine-pro|*pelh₂-|t=to approach]], with a shift from “bring near” to “push”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus: ''reppulit mī manum, neque enim dare sibi sāvium mē sīvit'', “she pushed my hand away and wouldn't let me kiss her”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Repellō'' is to push away or thrust back, to drive back an enemy or attacker, and to repulse or rebuff a person.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to ward off dangers and wrongs (Cicero), to send someone away unsatisfied (Sallust: ''haud repulsus abībis'', “you will not go away rebuffed”), to exclude from a right, and to spurn or reject things (Cicero, of cosmetics rejected from a plain style).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “overcome, cast off, repel, reject, drive away or back”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|repel]] (early 15th century) comes from it, partly through Old French, and [[m|en|repulse]] from its participle.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''reppulit mī manum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of warding off slavery.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust: ''haud repulsus abībis''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English [[m|en|repel]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To push away, thrust back, drive back.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|repel]], [[m|en|repulse]] (an enemy); to rebuff.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To ward off (dangers).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To send away unsatisfied.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To exclude, debar.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To reject, spurn, discard.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[repulsa]]

+ * [[repulsio]]

+ * [[repulsor]]

+ * [[repulsorius]]

+ * [[repulsus]]

+ * [[repulsō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[appellō]]

+ * [[aspellō]]

+ * [[compellō]]

+ * [[dēpellō]]

+ * [[dispellō]]

+ * [[expellō]]

+ * [[impellō]]

+ * [[interpellō]]

+ * [[pellō]]

+ * [[perpellō]]

+ * [[en|repel]]

+ * [[en|repulse]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}