accusatio Latin · revision 30763

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=81–43 BC, Cicero|origins=la causa}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ak.kuːˈsaː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ak.kuˈs̬at.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''accūsātiō''' ''f'' (genitive accūsātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Manuscripts also have ''accussātiō''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|accūsō|-tiō|t1=to accuse]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) [[m|la|accūsō]] is [[m|la|ad-]] with [[m|la|causa|t=cause, lawsuit]],^(Wiktionary)^(de Vaan 2008) whose origin de Vaan finds uncertain (Walde and Hofmann linked it with [[m|la|cūdō|t=to strike]]).^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler first records it in Cicero,^(Köbler 2010) who uses it in ''Dē inventiōne'' for the accusation as part of judicial oratory.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Accūsātiō'' is the act of accusing, a prosecution (Cicero: the method of the courts consists of accusation and defence), and ''quārta accūsātiō'' is the fourth and last hearing of a trial before the people.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also the charge itself, a formal indictment, and a published speech for the prosecution, as Cicero calls a book of his Verrines; in Tacitus it is the accusations of informers.^(OLD 2012) Livy uses it for a reproof, as of a speaker who began by rebuking his own folly.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “accusation”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|accusation]] (late 14th century) comes from it, partly through Old French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero in ''Dē inventiōne''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it for a rebuke.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus of informers' accusations.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|accusation]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|accusation]], prosecution.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # An [[m|en|indictment]], a charge.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A speech for the prosecution.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A rebuke, reproof.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[accūsābilis]]

+ * [[accūsātīvus]]

+ * [[accūsātor]]

+ * [[accūsātōriē]]

+ * [[accūsātōrius]]

+ * [[accūsātrīx]]

+ * [[accūsitō]]

+ * [[accūsō]]

+ * [[causa]]

+ * [[en|accusation]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}