suspicor Latin · revision 30760

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *speḱ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsʊs.pɪ.kɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsus.pi.kor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''suspicor''' (present infinitive suspicārī or suspicārier, perfect active suspicātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ Plautus also has an active ''suspicō''.^(OLD 2012)

+ He uses the infinitive ''suspicārier'' too.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It belongs with the verb [[m|la|suspiciō|t=to look up at]], from [[m|la|sub-|t=under, from below]] and [[m|la|speciō|t=to look]]; de Vaan lists it among the derivatives of the simple verb.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Wiktionary suggests it was formed from an intermediate ⟨*suspex⟩ with the deponent ending, or modelled on [[m|la|auspicor|t=to take the auspices]]; compare [[m|la|dēspicor]] and [[m|la|cōnspicor]].^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives ⟨speciō⟩ from [[itc-pro|*spekje/o-]], [[ine-pro|*speḱ-ie/o-|t=to look]], cognate with [[sa|पश्यति|tr=páśyati|t=sees]] and [[grc|σκέπτομαι|tr=sképtomai|t=to look at]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, ''Menaechmi'': ''tristem virum videō. id est quod suspicābar'', “I see a gloomy husband; that is what I suspected”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Plautus it is to suspect something wrong (''Aulularia'': everyone would suspect him of having gold at home), and to guess or surmise.^(OLD 2012) Classical prose uses it chiefly for forming an idea, inferring or conjecturing, with an accusative and infinitive (Cicero gathers from his brother's letters that he is already in Britain) or an indirect question.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) From Horace and Apuleius it is also to suspect a person of guilt, to mistrust.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin adds “to dread” and “to look at enviously”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''id est quod suspicābar''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' of a listener left to guess.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of inferring from letters.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius of a woman suspecting a girl as a rival.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To form an idea of, guess, [[m|en|surmise]], [[m|en|conjecture]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|suspect]] (something wrong).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To suspect (a person) of guilt; to [[m|en|mistrust]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To dread; to look at enviously.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[suspīciō]]

+ * [[suspīciōsus]]

+ * [[speciō]]

+ * [[cōnspicor]]

+ * [[dēspicor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}