praedo Latin · revision 30746

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *gʰend-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈprae̯.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈprɛː.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praedō''' ''m'' (genitive praedōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The final ''-o'' of the nominative is short in Lucan and Valerius Flaccus, long in Claudian.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|praeda|-ō|t1=booty]], as Isidore also saw.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) De Vaan treats ⟨praeda⟩ under [[prehendō]]: it is usually explained as ⟨*prai-χed-ā-⟩ “what one acquires”, but Livingston argues for an o-grade noun, ⟨*prai-χod-ā-⟩; the root is Proto-Italic ⟨*χend-⟩ “to seize”, from [[ine-pro|*gʰend-|t=to grab]], cognate with [[grc|χανδάνω|tr=khandánō|t=to grab]] and [[got|𐌳𐌿𐌲𐌹𐌽𐌽𐌰𐌽|tr=duginnan|t=to begin]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, ''Pseudolus'': ''ita in aedibus sunt fūrēs, praedō in proximōst'', “there are thieves in the house, and a robber next door”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ A ''praedō'' is one who lives by plunder, a brigand, and at sea a pirate: Cicero accuses Verres of letting pirate chiefs go for money.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Plautus already uses it as a term of abuse beside ''scelestī'' and ''rapācēs''.^(OLD 2012) In Roman law it is someone who takes possession of property knowing it is not his, as opposed to the possessor in good faith (Gaius).^(OLD 2012) Lewis & Short give [[latrō]] and [[raptor]] as synonyms.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Augustine plays on it: ''nē, cum vīs esse praedō, sīs praeda'', “lest, wanting to be the robber, you become the prey”.^(TLL)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “robber, plunderer”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of a robber and as abuse.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of pirate chiefs.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 140–180 AD – The jurist Gaius of a possessor in bad faith.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 354–430 AD – Augustine: ''nē … sīs praeda''.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|robber]], [[m|en|brigand]], plunderer; a [[m|en|pirate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(law)'' One who takes possession in bad faith.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praedōnius]]

+ * [[praedōnulus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[praeda]]

+ * [[praedor]]

+ * [[prehendō]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ ''Praedō'' is also an active form of the verb [[praedor]], “to plunder”.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL records a separate, rare verb ''praedō'' “to give beforehand”, from [[prae-]] and [[dō]], in Caelius Aurelianus.^(TLL)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}