pertimesco Latin · revision 30733

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la timeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [pɛr.tɪˈmeːs.koː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [per.tiˈmɛs.ko]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pertimēscō''' (present infinitive pertimēscere, perfect active pertimuī); third conjugation, no supine stem^(Wiktionary)

+ Medieval manuscripts sometimes spell it ''pertimisco''.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|per-|t=thoroughly]], [[m|la|timeō|t=to fear]] and the inchoative suffix [[m|la|-scō]];^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary takes it from [[m|la|pertimeō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) The TLL compares [[m|la|extimēscō]], and notes that a simple ⟨timēscō⟩ is found only in the Tironian notes.^(TLL) De Vaan finds no etymology for ⟨timeō⟩: the link with words for “stiff” that Walde–Hofmann and Pokorny hesitantly made is hardly possible.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, ''Bacchides'': ''periī, pertimuī miser'', “I'm done for, I've taken fright, poor me”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It means to become very frightened, used absolutely (Plautus, Terence), with an accusative of what one dreads (Afranius: ''pertimuistis cassam terriculam'', “you were scared of an empty bugbear”), and with ''nē'' (Cicero).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Cicero has it often in the transitive sense “to fear greatly, dread”, as of a scruple Verres did not dread.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it, beside ''pertimeō'', “fear greatly”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''pertimuī miser''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * second half of the 2nd century BC – Afranius with an accusative.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero with ''nē'' and as “dread”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To become very [[m|en|frightened]], take fright.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(transitive)'' To fear greatly, [[m|en|dread]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[timeō]]

+ * [[extimēscō]]

+ * [[timor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}