binus Latin · revision 30710

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *dwis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈbiː.nʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈbiː.nus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''bīnus''' (feminine bīna, neuter bīnum); first/second-declension numeral^(Wiktionary)

+ It is chiefly used in the plural, ''bīnī'', ''bīnae'', ''bīna''; the singular occurs in Lucretius and Ovid.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*dwiznos]], formed from [[m|itc-pro|*dwis|t=twice]], the source of [[bis]].^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan derives ⟨bīnī⟩ from ⟨*dwis-no-⟩, which presupposes an older ⟨*dwi-no-⟩; he compares [[gem-pro|*twinaz]] in [[goh|zwinal|t=twin]] and the [[non|tvennr|t=twofold]] type.^(de Vaan 2008) ⟨bis⟩ goes back to [[ine-pro|*dwis|t=twice]], cognate with [[grc|δίς|tr=dís]] and [[sa|द्विस्|tr=dvís]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, ''Poenulus'': ''bīnae singulīs quae datae nōbīs ancillae'', “we who were given two maids each”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ As a distributive numeral it means two to each person or group, or two at each time (Plautus saves himself two loaves a day).^(OLD 2012) It then simply means two, a pair, especially of things that go together (Plautus' “two oxen” in a purse), and is used with nouns that have only a plural, as in ''bīna castra'', “two camps”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Lucretius the singular means double, twofold.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus in the sense “two each”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius in the sense “double”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Numeral===

+ # ''(plural)'' Two each, two at a time.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(plural)'' Two, a [[m|en|pair]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(of things in a pair)'' The two, both.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Double, twofold.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[bīnārius]]

+ * [[bīniō]]

+ * [[combīnō]]

+ * [[binō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[bis]]

+ * [[duo]]

+ * [[en|binary]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}