sonitus Latin · revision 30708

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 235–200 BC, Naevius|origins=ine-pro *swenH-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈsɔ.nɪ.tʊs], [ˈsɔ.nɪ.tuːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈsɔː.ni.tus], [ˈsɔː.ni.tus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sonitus''' ''m'' (genitive sonitūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)

+ Caecilius and Pacuvius have a second-declension genitive ''sonitī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|sonō|t=to sound]] with the suffix [[m|la|-tus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces ⟨sonō⟩ (Old Latin also ⟨sonere⟩) to [[itc-pro|*swena-]] and [[ine-pro|*swenH-|t=to sound]], with an iterative ⟨*swonh₂-eie-⟩ “to resound”; cognates are [[sa|स्वनति|tr=svanati|t=sounds]] and [[sga|seinnid|t=plays (an instrument)]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008) Ennius has the trumpet's ''terribilī sonitū'': ''at tuba terribilī sonitū taratantara dīxit'', “but the trumpet with a terrible sound said taratantara”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It is a sound of any kind, especially a loud one, a noise or din: of thunder, wind, waves, weapons and voices.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Phrases include ''sonitus ventris'', a rumbling of the belly, and ''sonitus aurium'', a ringing in the ears.^(OLD 2012) Vitruvius uses it of a musical note, translating [[grc|φθόγγος|tr=phthóngos]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Döderlein sets it beside [[fragor]] (a crash), [[strepitus]] (a loud noise) and [[crepitus]] (a rattle) as the general word for sound.^(Döderlein 1874) Church Latin glosses it “noise, din, sound, crash”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius of the sound of the trumpet.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius of a musical note.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|sound]], especially a loud one; [[m|en|noise]], [[m|en|din]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A musical [[m|en|note]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sonō]]

+ * [[sonus]]

+ * [[sonor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}