temeritas Latin · revision 30700

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *temH-os-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [tɛˈmɛ.rɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [teˈmɛː.ri.tas]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''temeritās''' ''f'' (genitive temeritātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|temere|-tās|t1=blindly, rashly]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan explains [[m|la|temere]] as a frozen locative of a noun ⟨*temes-⟩ “darkness”, from [[itc-pro|*temesi]] and [[ine-pro|*temH-os-|t=darkness]]: “in the dark”, hence “blindly”.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[sa|तमस्|tr=támas-|t=darkness]] and [[lt|tamsà|t=darkness]], and within Latin with [[m|la|tenebrae]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, ''Mercator'': ''ineptia stultitiaque adeo et temeritās'', “folly and stupidity and rashness” among the vices of lovers.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its main sense is rashness and thoughtlessness, and of opinions their lack of foundation (Cicero).^(OLD 2012) In a better light it is boldness, readiness to take risks, as when Celsus says that some remedies must be seized with a certain boldness.^(OLD 2012) An older sense, from ''temere'' “at random”, is chance or accident: in Pacuvius some claim that everything happens by chance, and Cicero contrasts ''temeritās'' with order in nature.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “rashness, chance, recklessness, accident”.^(Stelten 1995) In medieval law it was a serious offence punished by a fine, especially bloodshed.^(Niermeyer 1976) English ''temerity'' dates from the early 15th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of the rashness of lovers.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius in the sense “chance”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of baseless opinions.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English [[m|en|temerity]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|rashness]], [[m|en|recklessness]], thoughtlessness; baselessness (of opinions).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Boldness, readiness to take risks.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Chance, [[m|en|accident]], randomness.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin, law)'' An offence punished by a fine, especially [[m|en|bloodshed]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[temerāriē]]

+ * [[temerārius]]

+ * [[temerātor]]

+ * [[temere]]

+ * [[temeriter]]

+ * [[temeritūdō]]

+ * [[tenebrae]]

+ * [[en|temerity]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}