onero Latin · revision 30684

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₃en-os}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [ˈɔ.nɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [ˈɔː.ne.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''onerō''' (present infinitive onerāre, perfect active onerāvī, supine onerātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|onus|-ō|t1=load, burden]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan traces the noun to [[itc-pro|*ones-]] and [[ine-pro|*h₃en-os|t=load]], cognate with [[sa|अनस्|tr=ánas-|t=heavy cart]] and perhaps [[hit|anii̯e/a-|t=to work, carry out]].^(de Vaan 2008) Servius explains that ⟨onustus⟩ has no ⟨h⟩ because it comes from ⟨onus⟩.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus, prologue to the ''Menaechmi'': ''onerāvit nāvim magnam multīs mercibus'', “he loaded a big ship with many goods”.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Onerō'' is to load a ship or animal with freight, to load a person (Virgil's hands loaded with darts), and to heap things up with heavy objects (Lucretius: temples heaped with corpses).^(OLD 2012) From this come weighing down and overloading (Livy: lest heavy baggage burden the column), overwhelming in battle, and filling with food and drink (Sallust: ''vīnō et epulīs onerātī'').^(OLD 2012) Plautus already uses it for loading someone with joy or with abuse; figuratively it is to burden with tasks, debts or legal liabilities, and to make something more burdensome, aggravate.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Poets also use it for covering.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “burden, load down, overwhelm, oppress”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus of loading a ship and of showering with joy or abuse.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust of men loaded with wine and food.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy of a column burdened by baggage.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 140–180 AD – Gaius of legal liabilities.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|load]], lade, [[m|en|freight]]; to heap with.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To weigh down, overload; to overwhelm.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To fill (with food and drink).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To load (with joy, abuse); to burden (with tasks, debts).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make heavier, [[m|en|aggravate]].^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(poetic)'' To cover.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[deonerō]]

+ * [[exonerō]]

+ * [[onerātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[onerārius]]

+ * [[onerōsus]]

+ * [[onus]]

+ * [[onustus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}