navigium Latin · revision 30671

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=86/82 BC, Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=ine-pro *neh₂-u-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nāvigium''' ''n'' (genitive nāvigiī or nāvigī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|nāvigō|-ium|t1=to sail]], as [[m|la|rēmigium]] is from [[m|la|rēmigō]].^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)^(Wiktionary) The verb comes from [[m|la|nāvis|t=ship]], which de Vaan traces to [[ine-pro|*neh₂-u-|t=ship]], probably “the floating one”, cognate with [[grc|ναῦς|tr=naûs]] and [[sa|नौ|tr=náu-]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL records it from the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' on, and de Vaan from Lucretius.^(TLL)^(de Vaan 2008) Cicero, ''De oratore'', notes that when the rowers stop a ship (''nāvigium'') under way, it keeps its motion.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Nāvigium'' is any vessel or craft, from a boat to a ship; the jurist Scaevola also uses it for a voyage.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein calls it the most general word, beside [[nāvis]], an ordinary ship for long voyages, and the names of skiffs and warboats.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In medieval Latin it is also a fleet or squadron, a ferry and the passage money paid for it, a ship canal, and navigation or a sea voyage.^(Niermeyer 1976) Its plural ''nāvigia'' passed through Old French into English as ''navy'' in the mid-14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', its first recorded use.^(TLL)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero of a ship under oars.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English [[m|en|navy]], through Old French, from the plural.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|vessel]], craft, ship, boat.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # A [[m|en|voyage]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A [[m|en|fleet]], squadron; a [[m|en|ferry]]; passage money; a ship canal; navigation.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[nāvis]]

+ * [[nāvigō]]

+ * [[en|navy]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}