fatigo Latin · revision 30653

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * Classical: [faˈtiː.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * Ecclesiastical: [faˈtiː.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''fatīgō''' (present infinitive fatīgāre, perfect active fatīgāvī, supine fatīgātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is probably formed from an unattested noun ⟨*fatis⟩ “exhaustion, fill”, which survives in [[m|la|affatim|t=amply]], with the suffix ⟨-igō⟩ from [[m|la|agō|t=to drive]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) De Vaan reports Dunkel's explanation from ⟨*fati-h₂ǵ-⟩ and sets up [[itc-pro|*fati-|t=exhaustion]]; [[m|la|fatīscō]] and [[m|la|fessus|t=weary]] belong to the same family.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) The further origin is uncertain;^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Lewis & Short compared [[grc|χάτις|tr=khátis|t=want]].^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus.^(de Vaan 2008) Pacuvius has ''tē … fatīgāns artūs tortō distraham'', “wearing you out, I will tear your limbs apart on the rack”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Fatīgō'' is to tire out, weary, exhaust (Lucretius: one tires his limbs by tossing, Sallust).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It is also to keep working at a person or thing, to torment (with blows or torture), to plague with advice or demands, to harass with attacks, to use up one's strength, and to wear down or break someone (Cicero, of assassins who must be broken by chains and prison).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Lewis & Short note that it was not frequent until after Augustus, while ''dēfatīgāre'' is common in Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “tire, weary”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|fatigue]] (1660s) comes from it through French.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius: ''fatīgāns artūs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius: ''membra fatīgat''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1660s – English [[m|en|fatigue]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To tire out, [[m|en|weary]], [[m|en|exhaust]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To keep at, torment.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To plague, harass, vex.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To use up (strength).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To wear down, break.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēfatīgō]]

+ * [[dēfetīgō]]

+ * [[fatigabilis]]

+ * [[fatīgātiō]]

+ * [[fatigatorius]]

+ * [[infatigatus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[affatim]]

+ * [[fatīscō]]

+ * [[fessus]]

+ * [[en|fatigue]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}