tango Latin · revision 3058

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *teh₂g-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈtaŋ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtaŋ.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''tangō''' (present infinitive tangere, perfect active tetigī, supine tāctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Old Latin also has forms without the nasal, such as ''tago'', ''tagam'' (Pacuvius) and ''taxis'' (Varro).^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*tang-e-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*th₂-n-g-|t=to touch]], a nasal present of the root [[m|ine-pro|*teh₂g-]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) [[integer]] “untouched, whole” and [[contamino|alt=contāmināre]] belong to the same root.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[xum|antakres|t=untouched]],^(de Vaan 2008) [[grc|τεταγών|tr=tetagṓn|t=having seized]] and [[got|𐍄𐌴𐌺𐌰𐌽|tr=tekan|t=to touch]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008) who says of grasping men that they are like octopuses, which “hold on to whatever they touch”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to [[m|en|touch]], and of lands to border on, as Cicero's farms touching the Tiber and Caesar's people bordering the Rhine.^(OLD 2012) It meant to touch with a substance, to touch harmfully, as Plautus' “if he touches me in anger, he'll get a beating”, and to touch in order to use, as Cato's rule not to touch timber except at certain times.^(OLD 2012) In comedy it meant to cheat someone out of something.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It meant to reach a place, as Plautus' “as soon as we touched land”, and of feelings to affect, as Cicero's “this grief touches me”.^(OLD 2012) It also meant to touch on a subject in speech, and in law to apply to someone.^(OLD 2012) The saying ''rem acu tetigisti'', “you have touched the thing with a needle”, meant “you have hit the nail on the head”.^(Wiktionary) Music theory used it for stopping or striking a string and playing a keyboard.^(LmL) It survives as Italian ''tangere'', Spanish ''tañer'' and Portuguese ''tanger''.^(Wiktionary) English ''tangible'' comes from Late Latin ''tangibilis''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for touching and for reaching land.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius uses the old form ''tagit''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it for touching timber.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it for bordering and for being moved.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1580s – English ''tangible'' is first recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|touch]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To border on.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To smear, touch (with a substance).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To touch (so as to harm); to strike.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To touch (in order to use).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(colloquial)'' To cheat (of).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To reach, arrive at.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To affect, move.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To touch on, mention.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(law)'' To apply to.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[attingō]]

+ * [[contingō]]

+ * [[intāctus]]

+ * [[pertango]]

+ * [[praetango]]

+ * [[retango]]

+ * [[semitactus]]

+ * [[tāctilis]]

+ * [[tāctiō]]

+ * [[tāctus]]

+ * [[tagāx]]

+ * [[tangibilis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[contāminō]]

+ * [[integer]]

+ * [[taxō]]

+ * [[en|tangible]]

+ * [[en|tact]]

+ * [[en|contact]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}