nascor Latin · revision 3056

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *ǵenh₁-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈnaːs.kɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈnas.kor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''nāscor''' (present infinitive nāscī, perfect active nātus sum or gnātus sum); third conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)

+ The old spelling with ''gn-'', as ''gnatus'', is found in early Latin and in poetry.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*gnāsk-e/o-|t=to be born]], [[inh|ine-pro|*ǵn̥h₁-sk-e/o-|t=to be born]], with the inchoative suffix, from the root [[m|ine-pro|*ǵenh₁-|t=to beget]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) The initial ⟨gn-⟩ was simplified to ⟨n-⟩.^(Wiktionary) [[gigno|alt=gignō]] “to beget”, [[natio|alt=nātiō]] and [[natura|alt=nātūra]] come from the same root.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[sa|जात|tr=jātá-|t=born]] and [[grc|γίγνομαι|tr=gígnomai|t=to be born, become]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008) as in the ''Menaechmi'': “twin sons were born to him”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to be [[m|en|born]], and of plants and parts of the body to grow, as Horace's feathers sprouting on his fingers.^(OLD 2012) Stars were said to be born when they rose, and days when they dawned, as Virgil's “arise, Lucifer”.^(OLD 2012) Abstract things came into being, as Plautus' quarrel that “was born” between husband and wife.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ''Natus'' gave a person's age, as Plautus' “more than thirty years old”, and crops, wines and animals were said to be born in a place or year.^(OLD 2012) Cicero calls natural law ''non scripta sed nata'', “not written but born”.^(OLD 2012) It also expressed descent, origin and natural disposition, as Ovid's “you were not born for the horse”.^(OLD 2012) It survives as Romanian ''naște'', Italian ''nascere'', French ''naître'' and Portuguese ''nascer''.^(Wiktionary) English ''nation'' and ''native'' come from its derivatives ''natio'' and ''nativus''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for being born and for age.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it for parts of the body forming.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero speaks of law that is “born, not written”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of the morning star rising.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''nation'' is first recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * late 14th century – English ''native'' is first recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To be [[m|en|born]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To grow, spring up.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(of stars)'' To rise, ''(of day)'' to dawn.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To arise, come into being.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''natus'' (with years) Aged, years old.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To be produced (naturally).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To spring (from), descend (from).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(perfect participle)'' To be born for, suited to.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[agnāscor]]

+ * [[dēnāscor]]

+ * [[ēnāscor]]

+ * [[innāscor]]

+ * [[internāscor]]

+ * [[renāscor]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cognātus]]

+ * [[nāscēns]]

+ * [[nāscō]]

+ * [[nātālīcius]]

+ * [[nātālis]]

+ * [[nātiō]]

+ * [[nātīvus]]

+ * [[nātūra]]

+ * [[praegnās]]

+ * [[gignō]]

+ * [[en|nation]]

+ * [[en|native]]

+ * [[en|nature]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}