struo Latin · revision 2979

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *strew-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈstru.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈstruː.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''struō''' (present infinitive struere, perfect active strūxī, supine strūctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*strow-e/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*streu-e/o-|t=to strew]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The ⟨x⟩ and ⟨c⟩ of the perfect [[m|la|strūxī]] and the participle [[m|la|strūctum]] are analogical, after [[fluo|alt=fluō]], in which a /gʷ/ had disappeared between vowels.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) If [[industrius]] goes back to *endo-struwo-, it was formed directly from this verb.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[xum|struhçla|t=a sacrificial cake]],^(de Vaan 2008) [[got|𐍃𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽|tr=straujan|t=to strew]],^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) [[ang|strewian|t=to strew]]^(Wiktionary) and [[sga|sruïd|t=throws]].^(de Vaan 2008) The OLD also compares Latin [[sterno|alt=sternō]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan finds it from the Laws of the Twelve Tables onwards.^(de Vaan 2008) Cato tells the farmer to build a lime kiln well, ''fornacem bene struito''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to place things in layers or set them in position, as bricks in a siege shed,^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913) and so to [[m|en|build]] walls, pyres and other structures.^(OLD 2012) It was used of composing literary works, of building up conditions such as hatred, and of drawing up battle lines.^(OLD 2012) Already in Plautus and Terence it meant to contrive plots and tricks.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Its compounds [[construo|alt=cōnstruō]], [[instruo|alt=īnstruō]], [[destruo|alt=dēstruō]] and [[obstruo|alt=obstruō]] are the source of many English words.^(Wiktionary) Italian borrowed it as ''struere''.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for contriving tricks.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it for building a kiln.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it for laying bricks.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it for walls and pyres.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses it for composing poems.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To set in position, arrange in layers, pile up.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|construct]], build.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To compose (a literary work).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To build up, bring about (a state of affairs).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To draw up (troops in line).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To contrive, devise (a plan, a plot).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[astruō]]

+ * [[circumstruō]]

+ * [[cōnstruō]]

+ * [[dēstruō]]

+ * [[exstruō]]

+ * [[industrius]]

+ * [[īnstruō]]

+ * [[interstruō]]

+ * [[obstruō]]

+ * [[perstruō]]

+ * [[praestruō]]

+ * [[restruō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sternō]]

+ * [[en|structure]]

+ * [[en|construction]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}