augeo Latin · revision 2964

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂ewg-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈau̯.ɡe.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaːu̯.d͡ʒe.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''augeō''' (present infinitive augēre, perfect active auxī, supine auctum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*augeje/o-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂eug-eie-|t=to make grow]], from the root [[m|ine-pro|*h₂ewg-|t=to grow]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) An s-stem noun of the same root, kept in Indo-Iranian, survives in [[augur]], from *augos “reinforcement”, and [[augustus]] is derived from the same noun.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[xve|augar|t=offering]],^(de Vaan 2008) [[sa|उक्षति|tr=ukṣáti|t=grows]], [[grc|αὐξάνω|tr=auxánō|t=to increase]], [[got|𐌰𐌿𐌺𐌰𐌽|tr=aukan|t=to increase]] and [[lt|áugti|t=to grow]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan dates it from Plautus onwards.^(de Vaan 2008) Pacuvius says the sky “quickens, shapes, feeds, makes grow and creates” all things.^(OLD 2012)^(Georges 1913)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to [[m|en|increase]] in size or number, to make living things grow, and to strengthen a state or a person's power.^(OLD 2012) It was used for promoting someone in rank and for glorifying, as Cicero says a man “increased the name of the Roman people”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It also meant to heighten feelings, as Terence's “increase my suspicion”, to make an illness worse, and to develop a talent.^(OLD 2012) In rhetoric it meant to make much of something, and Quintilian uses it for heightening the style.^(OLD 2012) Medieval music theory used it for widening an interval and lengthening a note.^(LmL) English ''augment'' comes from Late Latin ''augmentare'', and ''author'' from its derivative ''auctor''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius uses it of the sky making things grow.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it for heightening suspicion.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it for enlarging the city and the state.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English ''author'' comes from its derivative ''auctor''.^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1400 – English ''augment'' is first recorded in the sense “to make larger”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|increase]], enlarge; to raise (a number).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To make grow.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To strengthen (a state, a person).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To promote, honour; to glorify.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To furnish, enrich (with).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To heighten (feelings); to make worse.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To develop (a talent).^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(rhetoric)'' To magnify, [[m|en|exaggerate]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[adaugeō]]

+ * [[auctarium]]

+ * [[auctifer]]

+ * [[auctificō]]

+ * [[auctificus]]

+ * [[auctiō]]

+ * [[auctitō]]

+ * [[aucto]]

+ * [[auctor]]

+ * [[auctrīx]]

+ * [[auctum]]

+ * [[auctus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[augur]]

+ * [[augustus]]

+ * [[auxilium]]

+ * [[en|augment]]

+ * [[en|author]]

+ * [[en|auction]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}