aurora Latin · revision 2952

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂éwsōs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [au̯ˈroː.ra]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [au̯ˈrɔː.ra]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''aurōra''' ''f'' (genitive aurōrae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*ausōs|t=dawn]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂éus-ōs|t=dawn]], extended with the feminine ending ⟨-a⟩, probably because the old word was feminine.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) The /s/ between vowels became /r/, as regularly in Latin, giving *aurōs, *aurōrem.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ Cognate with [[sa|उषस्|tr=uṣás-|t=dawn]], [[ae|ušah-|t=dawn]] and [[grc|ἠώς|tr=ēṓs|t=dawn]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Varro explained it as the time before sunrise when the air turns golden, [[m|la|aurēscō|alt=aurescit]], from the sun's fire.^(Georges 1913)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Plautus onwards,^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) who has a woman complain of working “from dawn till this hour of the day”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant the [[m|en|dawn]], daybreak or sunrise, as in Accius' “I see the dawn reddening far off”.^(OLD 2012) Personified, it was Aurora, the goddess of the dawn and wife of Tithonus, as in Virgil.^(OLD 2012) Poets also used it for the east, the region of the sunrise, as in Virgil's “to follow the dawn to the Indians”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ Medieval writers used it figuratively, and ''Aurora'' was the title of Peter Riga's verse Bible.^(DMLBS) Italian, Spanish and Portuguese ''aurora'' and French ''aurore'' were borrowed from it,^(Wiktionary) and English ''aurora'', “dawn”, is first recorded in the late 14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for daybreak.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius writes of the dawn reddening.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro explains the word.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it for the goddess and for the east.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''aurora'' is first recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The [[m|en|dawn]], daybreak.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''Aurora'' The goddess of the dawn.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # The east.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[aurōrō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[auster]]

+ * [[en|aurora]]

+ * [[en|east]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}