pingo Latin · revision 2944

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *peyḱ-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɪŋ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpiŋ.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''pingō''' (present infinitive pingere, perfect active pīnxī, supine pī̆ctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ An inscription spells the perfect ''pinxsit''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*ping-e/o-|t=to paint]], [[inh|ine-pro|*pi-n-ḱ-|t=to paint, adorn]], a nasal present of the root [[m|ine-pro|*peyḱ-|t=to paint, adorn]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Cognate with [[sa|पिंशति|tr=piṃśáti|t=adorns, carves]], [[grc|ποικίλος|tr=poikílos|t=many-coloured]], [[lt|piẽšti|t=to draw]], [[cu|пьсати|tr=pĭsati|t=to write]] and [[goh|fēh|t=many-coloured]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ It is found from Naevius onwards.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) In Plautus two girls complain that they never stop being polished, smoothed, painted and made up.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to [[m|en|paint]] or colour something, and to paint a picture, as Cicero's painter Zeuxis, who painted many panels and a picture of Helen.^(OLD 2012) It was used of colouring by other means, as Lucretius' seasons that “painted” the grass with flowers, and of embroidering.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ It meant to depict, and figuratively to colour a speech or poem with ornament, as Cicero says.^(OLD 2012) Medieval texts also used it for writing.^(NGML) It survives as Italian ''pingere'' and Old French ''peindre'', the source of English ''paint''.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) English ''picture'' and ''pigment'' come from its derivatives ''pictura'' and ''pigmentum''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it for painting the face.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of flowers colouring the grass.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it for painting pictures and for rhetorical colouring.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-13th century – English ''paint'' is first recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * early 15th century – English ''picture'' comes from ''pictura''.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|paint]], colour.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To paint (a picture); to depict.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To decorate with colours; to embroider.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To adorn, embellish (speech).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[appingo]]

+ * [[compingō]]

+ * [[dēpingō]]

+ * [[expingō]]

+ * [[impingō]]

+ * [[pictilis]]

+ * [[pictor]]

+ * [[pictūra]]

+ * [[pīgmentum]]

+ * [[repingō]]

+ * [[superpingo]]

+ * [[suppingō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|paint]]

+ * [[en|picture]]

+ * [[en|pigment]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}