institute English · revision 2922

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1330|origins=la īnstituō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈɪn.stɪ.tʃuːt/, US /ˈɪn.stɪ.tuːt/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ The verb is [[inh|enm|instituten]],^(MWU 2024) [[bor|la|īnstitūtus]], past participle of [[m|la|īnstituere|t=to set up, establish; to appoint; to teach]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[m|la|in-|t=in]] and [[m|la|statuere|t=to establish, cause to stand]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[ine-pro|*sta-|t=to stand]].^(Etymonline) The noun is from [[m|la|īnstitūtum|t=a design, ordinance, precept]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) the noun use of the neuter past participle.^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The verb, “to establish in an office, appoint”: about 1330 in Barnhart^(Barnhart 1988) and the early 14th century in Etymonline.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ “To set up, found, start” is from the late 15th century,^(Etymonline) probably before 1425 in Barnhart.^(Barnhart 1988) The noun first meant “purpose, design”, before 1520,^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988) then an established law or custom from 1546,^(OED 1989) the 1540s in Etymonline.^(Etymonline) A digest of the elements of a subject, such as law, is an ''institute'' from 1579.^(OED 1989) An organization devoted to science, literature or art is from 1828–9, after the French Institut national des sciences et des arts, created in 1795 to replace the academies suppressed in the Revolution.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) In American use a gathering of teachers for instruction was an ''institute'' from 1839.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1330 – verb, to appoint to an office.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * late 15th century – verb, to set up.^(Etymonline)

+ * before 1520 – noun, purpose.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1546 – an established law.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1579 – a digest of principles.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1829 – an organization for learning.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1839 – a teachers' institute (US).^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An organization set up to promote a cause, especially in [[science]], education or the arts.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # A college or university, especially for technical subjects.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # The building of such an organization.^(AHD)

+ # ''institutes'': a summary of the principles of a subject, especially law.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To set up and start; to [[establish]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To begin: ''institute proceedings''.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To appoint to an office, especially in the church.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[instituter]]

+ * [[institutive]]

+ * [[institutor]]

+ * [[reinstitute]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[institution]]

+ * [[institutional]]

+ * [[statute]]

+ * [[constitute]]

+ * [[substitute]]

+ * [[destitute]]

+ * [[stand]]

+ * [[state]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}