carry English · revision 2832

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1320|origins=xtg karros}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈkær.i/, US /ˈker.i/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|carien]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) [[bor|xno|carier|t=to transport in a vehicle]], also Old North French carier,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) a variant of Old French charier (modern charrier “to cart, drag”),^(Hoad 1986)^(Barnhart 1988) from Gallo-Romance *carrizāre,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from [[la|carrus|t=wagon]], carrum,^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) originally a two-wheeled Celtic war chariot,^(Etymonline) from [[xtg|karros]],^(Etymonline) the source of [[car]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) The spelling with two r's was established by the early 1600s.^(Barnhart 1988) It is a doublet of [[charge]].^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ To convey, originally by cart or wagon, then in any vehicle, by ship or on horseback: about 1320.^(OED 1989) Barnhart's first example is from before 1338, in Mannyng's ''Chronicle of England''.^(Barnhart 1988) To bear from place to place by bodily effort is from about 1340–70.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From moving a load the word passed to many figurative uses.^(OED 1989) The sense “bear up, support” is from the 1560s,^(Etymonline) “to take by force, gain by effort” and “to conduct, manage” from the 1580s,^(Etymonline) and “to win, bring to success” from the 1610s;^(Etymonline) of elections it is American English from 1848.^(Etymonline) To keep goods in stock is from 1848,^(Etymonline) and to carry a number to the next column in arithmetic is another later sense.^(AHD)^(Etymonline) The noun first meant a vehicle, a cart or barrow (1605, still Scottish and northern dialect),^(OED 1989)^(SOED 2002) and later the range of a gun or ball (1858).^(OED 1989)^(MWU 2024) A portage between rivers is American and Canadian from 1860,^(OED 1989) and a carry in American football is from 1949.^(Etymonline) ''Carrier'' is from before 1398.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1320 – to convey in a vehicle.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1340–70 – to bear by bodily effort.^(OED 1989)

+ * before 1398 – ''carrier''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1560s – to bear up, support.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1580s – to take by force; to manage.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1605 – noun, a vehicle.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1610s – to win, carry the day.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1848 – to win an election; to keep in stock.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1858 – noun, the range of a gun.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To hold or support while moving; to [[bear]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To take from one place to another; to [[transport]] or [[transmit]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To have with one; to keep in stock: ''the shop carries spare parts''.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To support the weight of; to bear responsibility for.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To win or secure, as a vote or an election: ''the motion was carried''.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To be [[pregnant]] with.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # To transfer a digit to the next column in [[addition]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # Of a sound or missile, to reach a distance: ''his voice carried''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # The range of a gun or of a thrown or struck ball.^(MW Collegiate)^(OED 1989)

+ # A [[portage]] between rivers.^(MW Collegiate)^(OED 1989)

+ # In American football, a run with the ball.^(MW Collegiate)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[carriable]]

+ * [[carryback]]

+ * [[carryforward]]

+ * [[miscarry]]

+ * [[recarry]]

+ * [[carry-out]]

+ * [[carrier]]

+ * [[carrycot]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[car]]

+ * [[cart]]

+ * [[charge]]

+ * [[carriage]]

+ * [[career]]

+ * [[cargo]]

+ * [[chariot]]

+ * [[current]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}