otherwise English · revision 2816

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=c. 888}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: UK /ˈʌð.ə.waɪz/, US /ˈʌð.ɚ.waɪz/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|otherwise]], oþre wise,^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) from the Old English phrase [[m|ang|on ōþre wīsan|t=in another manner]],^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)^(SOED 2002) from [[m|ang|ōþer]], the source of [[other]], and [[m|ang|wīse|t=way, manner]], the source of the noun [[wise]].^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998) The phrase became oþre wise in Middle English and oþerwise by the mid-14th century.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The phrase with wise “manner” as a separate noun is from about 888;^(OED 1989) the adverb “in another way, differently” is from 971.^(OED 1989) Merriam-Webster dates the adverb to the 13th century.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ “In other circumstances, if not, else” is from 1390,^(OED 1989) and “in other respects” from 1594.^(OED 1989) As an adjective, “different”, it is from about 1400.^(Etymonline) The phrase ''or otherwise'', following a word to mean its opposite (''deliberate or otherwise''), is from 1886.^(OED 1989) Middle English had similar words, otherwhere “elsewhere” and otherwhat “something else”.^(Etymonline) In Yorkshire dialect ''otherwise'' meant “out of sorts, poorly”.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 888 – Old English on ōþre wīsan.^(OED 1989)

+ * 971 – in another way.^(OED 1989)

+ * mid-14th century – the form oþerwise.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1390 – if not, else.^(OED 1989)

+ * c. 1400 – adjective, different.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1594 – in other respects.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1886 – ''or otherwise''.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # In another way; differently: ''he thinks otherwise''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # In other circumstances; if not, or else: ''hurry, otherwise we'll be late''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # In other respects: ''an otherwise pleasant day''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Different from what is supposed.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[other]]

+ * [[wise]]

+ * [[likewise]]

+ * [[guise]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}