condition English · revision 2796

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=c. 1315|origins=la dīcō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /kənˈdɪʃ.ən/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|condicioun]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) [[bor|fro|condicion|t=stipulation; state; behaviour; social status]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[la-med|conditiō]], properly [[la|condiciō|t=agreement, stipulation; situation, rank, circumstances]] (accusative condiciōnem),^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Hoad 1986) from [[m|la|condīcere|t=to talk over together, agree upon]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[m|la|con-|t=together]] and [[m|la|dīcere|t=to say]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) from [[ine-pro|*deyḱ-|alt=*deik-|t=to show; to pronounce solemnly]].^(Etymonline) In Late Latin condiciō was confused with conditiō “a making”, from condere “to put together”.^(Etymonline) The verb is from the noun, or from French conditionner.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(SOED 2002)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A stipulation, something required as a prerequisite: about 1315 in the OED,^(OED 1989) before 1333 in William of Shoreham in Barnhart,^(Barnhart 1988) the mid-14th century in Etymonline.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The sense evolution in Latin apparently went from “stipulation” to “situation, condition”.^(Etymonline) In English the common meaning “mode of being, state, position” appeared at about the same time as “stipulation”, in the ''Ayenbite of Inwyt'' (1340).^(Barnhart 1988) Something that must exist if something else is to happen is from 1340.^(OED 1989) The verb first meant “to make conditions, stipulate” (1494),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) and “to bring to a desired state” from 1844 or 1849.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) The psychological sense, “to teach a person or animal certain habits or responses”, is from 1909,^(Etymonline) after Pavlov's ''conditioned reflex''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate) ''Conditional'' is from about 1380, in Chaucer's ''Boece''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1315 – a stipulation.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1340 – a mode of being, a state.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * c. 1380 – ''conditional''.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1494 – verb, to stipulate.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * 1844 – verb, to bring into good condition.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1909 – verb, to condition psychologically.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A state of being, especially as to health, fitness or repair.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # A [[disease]] or ailment: ''a heart condition''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # ''conditions'': The circumstances affecting something: ''working conditions''.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)

+ # Something that must happen or exist for something else to take place; a [[prerequisite]] or [[stipulation]].^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+ # ''(archaic)'' Social position; [[rank]].^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To bring into good condition; to make fit.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To train to respond in a certain way; to [[accustom]].^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # To make dependent on a condition.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1988)

+ # To apply a [[conditioner]] to hair.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[conditionable]]

+ * [[decondition]]

+ * [[uncondition]]

+ * [[conditional]]

+ * [[precondition]]

+ * [[air-condition]]

+ * [[conditioner]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[diction]]

+ * [[dictate]]

+ * [[indicate]]

+ * [[predicate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}