margo Latin · revision 2762

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=105 BC, building contract of Puteoli|origins=ine-pro *mrǵ-n-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈmar.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈmar.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''margō''' ''m'' or f (genitive marginis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ It is usually masculine, but feminine in Vitruvius, Juvenal and some poets, and Priscian lists it among nouns of either gender.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*marg-en-]], [[inh|ine-pro|*mrǵ-n-|t=border]], from the root [[ine-pro|*mórǵs|t=boundary]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(Pokorny 1959) Cognate with [[sga|mruig|t=territory]], [[cy|bro|t=country, land]] and the Gaulish names Brogimāros and Allobroges “foreigners”, with [[hit|mārk-|t=to divide, separate]], [[fa|مرز|tr=marz|t=region]] and [[got|𐌼𐌰𐍂𐌺𐌰|tr=marka|t=border, area]], and so with [[en|mark]] and [[en|march]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan takes the ''a'' as the regular Latin outcome of the zero grade in an n-stem, against Schrijver's rule of *mo- becoming *ma- before ''r'' and a velar.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's earliest source is the building contract of Puteoli of 105 BC, which the OLD quotes first: tiles are to be fixed with iron and an [[m|en|edge|alt=edging]] laid on them.^(Köbler 2010)^(OLD 2012) Varro, with whom de Vaan begins, writes of a stream with stone banks.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It first meant a retaining wall, bank or edging, and the gunwale of a ship, then a flange or rim, of a roof tile in Vitruvius, of a shield in Livy, of a dish in Petronius.^(OLD 2012) More generally it was a border or edge: of a land or empire, of the Red Sea, of a spring or river bank, of a wound, and Statius uses it of the threshold of a temple.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Ovid has it for the [[m|en|margin]] of a writing tablet, where a letter has been erased, and Juvenal for the full margin of a book.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short note that Cicero and Caesar never use it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ Medieval writers used it of the edge of the world, of fenland and of a ship's side, and the Niermeyer dictionary records “board of a ship”.^(DMLBS)^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in French ''marge'', Italian ''margine'', Spanish ''margen'', Portuguese ''margem'' and Romanian ''margine'',^(Wiktionary) and the English word appears in the mid-14th century for the edge of a sea or lake and in the late 14th for the margin of a page.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 105 BC – The Puteoli building contract orders an edging to be laid on tiles.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro writes of stone banks of a stream.^(OLD 2012)^(de Vaan 2008)

+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of the rim of a shield.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of the margin of a writing tablet and of the shore.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 67–c. 127 AD – Juvenal speaks of a book written up to the margin.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 672 – Aldhelm places Britain at the farthest edge of the world.^(DMLBS)

+ * mid-14th century – [[en|margin|alt=Margin]] is borrowed into English.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A retaining wall, a bank, an [[m|en|edge|alt=edging]]; the gunwale of a ship.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A flange, a rim.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A border, an edge, a boundary; a shore or river bank.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # The [[m|en|margin]] of a book or writing tablet.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # The threshold of a building.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' The side of a ship.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[marginō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|margin]]

+ * [[en|mark]]

+ * [[en|march]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes ''margo'', the natural brink of a surface thought of as a line, from [[ora|alt=ōra]], an artificial edging that includes part of the surface, so that one says ''ora togae'' but ''margo fluminis''.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}