management English · revision 2574

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=1598|origins=la manus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈmæn.ɪdʒ.mənt/^(Roach et al. 2011)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|en|manage|-ment]].^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) The verb [[manage]] is probably from [[it|maneggiare|t=to handle, especially to control a horse]],^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) from [[la-vul|*manidiāre]], from [[la|manus|t=hand]],^(AHD 2000)^(Hoad 1986) and was influenced by French [[m|fr|manège|t=horsemanship]] and [[m|fr|ménager|t=to use carefully]].^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The action or manner of managing, by direction or manipulation: 1598,^(OED 1989)^(MW Collegiate)^(HTOED) or the 1590s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Management by physical handling is from the 1670s.^(Etymonline) The use of contrivance or ingenuity to gain an end is from 1666, and a piece of trickery from 1736.^(OED 1989) Administrative skill or tact is from before 1715.^(OED 1989) The governing body or directors of an undertaking, first of a theatre, are ''the management'' from 1739,^(Etymonline) and the administration of a commercial enterprise specifically from 1906.^(OED 1989) In dialect speech ''management'' could mean manure.^(Wright 1898)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1598 – the act of managing.^(OED 1989)^(MW Collegiate)

+ * 1666 – contrivance.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1670s – physical handling.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1739 – the directors of an undertaking.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1906 – business administration.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The act, manner or practice of managing; supervision, control.^(AHD)^(SOED 2002)

+ # The people who control or direct a business or other enterprise.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)

+ # Skill in managing; executive ability.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[managemental]]

+ * [[self-management]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[manage]]

+ * [[manager]]

+ * [[managerial]]

+ * [[manual]]

+ * [[manège]]

+ * [[menage]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}