grog English · revision 1974

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɡɹɒɡ/ ''(UK)''; /ɡɹɑɡ/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is named after ''Old Grog'', the nickname of the British admiral Edward Vernon (1684–1757),^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU) who wore a cloak of [[grogram]], a coarse fabric.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(RHWU)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A drink of spirits, originally rum, mixed with water (1749 in Etymonline; 1756 in Merriam-Webster; 1770 in Barnhart and the OED).^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Barnhart 1995)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In August 1740 Vernon ordered that his sailors' rum be diluted with water,^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1995)^(RHWU) and the sailors named the mixture after him.^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline) The word was later used for any strong drink,^(Etymonline)^(RHWU) and in Australia and New Zealand for alcohol of any kind, including beer (1946).^(OED 1989) ''Groggy'' (1770) first meant drunk.^(Barnhart 1995) Lawrence Washington, who served under Vernon, renamed the family plantation Mount Vernon in his honour.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1740 – Vernon orders the rum to be diluted.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1749 – rum and water.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1770 – ''groggy'', drunk.^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1790 – ''grog shop''.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1833 – verb, to drink grog.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1946 – Australian and New Zealand, any alcohol.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Rum or another spirit mixed with water, often served hot with lemon and sugar.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Any alcoholic drink.^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Crushed fired clay or pottery used in making refractory products.^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[groggery]]

+ * [[groggy]]

+ * [[grogshop]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[grogram]]

+ * [[grosgrain]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}