bugle English · revision 1922

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈbjuːɡəl/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|fro|bugle|t=wild ox; horn]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(RHWU) [[der|la|buculus|t=young ox, bullock]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU) a diminutive of ''bōs'' “ox”.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate) The musical sense is short for ''bugle horn'', a hunting horn originally made from the horn of a wild ox.^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ In Middle English ''bugle'' meant a wild ox or buffalo,^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) and the instrument was first called a ''bugle horn'' (c. 1300).^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline) ''Bugle'' alone for the horn is recorded from about 1340–50.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The hunting horn of ox horn gave way to a brass military instrument like a small trumpet, used for infantry signals.^(OED 1989)^(RHWU) The ox sense survived only in dialect, as “young bull”.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) Modern French ''bugle'' is a 19th-century borrowing back from English.^(Etymonline) The verb, to sound a bugle, appears in the 1840s and 1850s.^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1300 – ''bugle horn''.^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)

+ * c. 1340 – the brass instrument (OED, about 1350 in Barnhart).^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1840 – ''bugler''.^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1847 – the verbal noun ''bugling''.^(Barnhart 1995)^(MW Collegiate)^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[brass instrument]] like a short [[trumpet]], usually without valves, used especially for military calls.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(historical)'' A hunting [[horn]].^(OED 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To sound a bugle.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Of a bull [[elk]], to make its rutting call.^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[bugler]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[bovine]]

+ * [[buffalo]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Two other words spelled ''bugle'' are separate: a plant of the mint family (genus ''Ajuga''),^(MW Collegiate)^(OED 1989) from Late Latin ''bugula'',^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU) and a tubular glass bead for trimming clothes, of unknown origin.^(AHD)^(Etymonline)^(RHWU)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}