olim Latin · revision 18177

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=la ollus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈoː.lĩː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɔː.lim]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ōlim''' (not comparable)^(Wiktionary)

+ Petronius has ''ōlim ōliōrum'', apparently a comic jingle.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from the stem of [[m|la|olle]] (also ⟨ollus⟩), an archaic form of [[m|la|ille|t=that]], with the locative ending [[m|la|-im]]; it meant “at that time”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) Köbler compares the root [[ine-pro|*al-|t=beyond]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Ennius.^(Köbler 2010) Plautus has ''illam minīs ōlim decem puellam parvolam ēmī'', “I once bought her as a little girl for ten minae”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Ōlim'' is “formerly, in the past” as opposed to now, and in telling a story “once (upon a time)”.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) With ''iam'' it means “for a long time past”, often with a present tense (Novius: ''ōlim exspectāta veniunt septem Sāturnālia'', “the long-awaited seven days of the Saturnalia are coming”), and ''nōn ōlim'' is “only recently”.^(OLD 2012) Looking forward it is “one day, at some future time”, chiefly in poetry and letters (Cicero: “if only we could talk face to face one day rather than by letter!”).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) In similes it is “on occasion, sometimes”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “formerly, once upon a time, at times, long ago, for a long while”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''ōlim … puellam parvolam ēmī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it in a simile, “sometimes”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the future.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # [[m|en|formerly]], once, in the past.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Once upon a time (in stories).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''ōlim (iam)'': for a long time past; long ago.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # One day, at some future time.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # Sometimes, on occasion.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ōlitānus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ille]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}