donec Latin · revision 18176

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=compound|attested=c. 450 BC, Twelve Tables}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdoː.nɛk]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdɔː.nek]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dōnec''' ^(Wiktionary)

+ ''Dōnicum'' is found in Livius Andronicus, Cato and Plautus.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Vitruvius writes ''dōneque'', and an inscription has ''dōnique''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-ola|dōnicum]] (also ⟨dōnique⟩), shortened.^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The OLD analyses it as ⟨*do-ne-que⟩, comparing [[xum|arnipo|t=until]]: ⟨do-⟩ “to” as in [[quandō]] (compare [[grc|-δε|tr=-de]] and [[ru|до|tr=do|t=until]]), ⟨-ne⟩ an affirmative particle as in ⟨quandōne⟩.^(OLD 2012) Wiktionary traces the first part to [[ine-pro|*de]], the source also of [[dum]].^(Wiktionary) L&S derived the old form from an old dative ⟨doni⟩ “day” and [[cum]], “at the time of day when”.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from the Twelve Tables (about 450 BC).^(Köbler 2010) Plautus has ''nē … exsurgātis, dōnec … erit signum datum'', “do not get up until the signal is given”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Dōnec'' is “until”, with the indicative of an actual limit, and of the culmination of a process (Lucretius: the arts grew ''dōnec'' they reached the summit); it also links successive events loosely, “whereupon”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) With the subjunctive it is “until such time as”, of an intended limit, and ''fīnis est dōnec'' “the limit is reached when”.^(OLD 2012) It is used of space, “up to the point where”, and of duration, “as long as, while” (Lucretius: one should wish to stay alive ''dōnec retinēbit … voluptās'', “as long as pleasure keeps him”).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “until, while, as long as”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – In the Twelve Tables.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''dōnec … erit signum datum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato and Plautus have the older form ''dōnicum''.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of a culmination and of duration.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Conjunction===

+ # [[m|en|until]], up to the time when.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Whereupon (linking successive events).^(OLD 2012)

+ # Until such time as (with the subjunctive).^(OLD 2012)

+ # Up to the point where (in space).^(OLD 2012)

+ # As long as, [[m|en|while]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[dum]]

+ * [[quandō]]

+ * [[dēnique]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}