posterus Latin · revision 18162

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=c. 450 BC, Twelve Tables|origins=ine-pro *pos}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈpɔs.tɛ.rʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈpɔs.te.rus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''posterus''' (feminine postera, neuter posterum, comparative posterior, superlative postrēmus or postumus); first/second-declension adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ The masculine nominative singular is not in use.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ Tacitus has a genitive plural ''posterum''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the old comparative of [[m|la|post|t=after, behind]], [[inh|itc-pro|*post-ero-|t=later]], from [[ine-pro|*pos|t=after]], extended with ⟨*-ti⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Sabellic has matching forms, such as [[osc|pústiris|t=later]].^(de Vaan 2008) The comparative [[posterior]] is a later formation built on it, and the superlative [[postrēmus]] continues ⟨*poster-isamo-⟩.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from the Twelve Tables.^(Köbler 2010) The historian Sisenna has ''posterō diē'', “on the next day”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Posterus'' is “coming after, future, later” (Lucretius: ''posteră saecla'', “later ages”, Horace: ''usque ego posterā crēscam laude'', “I shall grow ever fresh in the praise of later ages”), and “next, following”, as in ''posterō diē'' and ''posterō annō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) In the masculine plural ''posterī'' are descendants, posterity (Plautus: ''honōrī posterōrum tuōrum'', “for the honour of your descendants”).^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995) ''In posterum'' is “for the future”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ Wiktionary gives a Late Latin sense “inferior”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 450 BC – In the Twelve Tables.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''honōrī posterōrum tuōrum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius: ''posteră saecla''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace: ''posterā … laude''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Coming after, [[m|en|future]], later.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Next, following.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''in posterum'': for the future.^(Stelten 1995)

+ # ''(Late Latin)'' [[m|en|inferior]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # ''posterī'' (plural): descendants, [[m|en|posterity]].^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[posterī]]

+ * [[posteritās]]

+ * [[posterula]]

+ * [[postrīdiē]]

+ * [[postrīduō]]

+ * [[praeposterus]]

+ * [[posterius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[post]]

+ * [[posterior]]

+ * [[postrēmus]]

+ * [[postumus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}