armatus Latin · revision 18143

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *h₂er-}}

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''armātus''' (feminine armāta, neuter armātum, superlative armātissimus); first/second-declension participle^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is the past participle of [[m|la|armō|t=to arm]], used as an adjective.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The verb is from [[m|la|arma|t=arms, weapons]],^(Köbler 2010) which de Vaan derives from [[itc-pro|*armo-]], [[ine-pro|*h₂(e)r-mo-|t=fitting]], from the root “to join”: the sense passed from “things fitted together, tools” to “weapons”.^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Ennius,^(Köbler 2010) who has ''segetis armātae'', “a crop of armed men”.^(OLD 2012) Plautus has ''hōc in equō īnsunt mīlitēs armātī atque animātī probē'', “in this horse are soldiers, well armed and in good heart”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Armātus'' is “armed, furnished with weapons”, and “clad in armour” (Cato: the north-west wind can knock over an armed man or a loaded wagon).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is used of things that involve arms: Cicero has ''vim armātam'', “armed force”, and ''armāta dissēnsiō cīvium'', “armed conflict among citizens”.^(OLD 2012) As a noun ''armātus'', usually plural, is an armed man, a soldier.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “armed”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius: ''segetis armātae''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''mīlitēs armātī''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato: ''armātum hominem''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''vim armātam''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # [[m|en|armed]], furnished with weapons.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Clad in [[m|en|armour]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Involving arms, armed (of force, conflict).^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ===Noun===

+ # An armed man, a [[m|en|soldier]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[armō]]

+ * [[arma]]

+ * [[inermis]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ A separate fourth-declension noun ''armātus'', ''armātūs'', formed from [[armō]] with the suffix ⟨-tus⟩, means a kind of equipment or armour; it is found almost only in the ablative, in Livy and Fronto (''haud disparī armātū'', “with similar equipment”), and ''gravis armātus'' is the heavy-armed troops.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}