impedio Latin · revision 18140

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *pṓds}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ɪmˈpɛ.di.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [imˈpɛː.di.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''impediō''' (present infinitive impedīre, perfect active impedīvī or impediī, supine impedītum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''inpediō'';^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius splits it in tmesis (''inque pedītur'').^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|in-|t=in]] and [[m|la|pēs|t=foot]] (stem ⟨ped-⟩) with the verb suffix ⟨-iō⟩, “to shackle the feet”, like its opposite [[expediō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Compare [[grc|ἐμποδίζω|tr=empodízō|t=to hinder]].^(Wiktionary) [[m|la|pēs]] goes back to [[itc-pro|*pōd-]] and [[ine-pro|*pṓds|t=foot]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's first citation is Plautus: ''ipsus illīc sēsē iam impedīvit in plagās'', “he has now entangled himself in the nets”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Impedīre'' is “to hobble, entangle, bind”, and so “to hinder, obstruct” movement or progress (Cicero: ''mē … lictōrēs impediunt'', “my lictors hamper me”; an eye disease ''quae impediat scrīptiōnem meam'', “that hinders my writing”).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is “to prevent” someone from acting and “to obstruct” an action or process (Cicero of a man who obstructed the case of the tax-farmers with foolish questions), and intransitively with a dative “to be a hindrance”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Wiktionary adds “to embarrass”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “impede, entangle, prevent”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|impede]] (c. 1600) is from it or a back-formation from [[m|en|impediment]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''sēsē iam impedīvit in plagās''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius: ''inque pedītur''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''lictōrēs impediunt''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1600 – English [[m|en|impede]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To entangle, hobble, bind.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|hinder]], [[m|en|impede]], obstruct.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To [[m|en|prevent]] (someone from acting).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To be a hindrance (with a dative).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|embarrass]].^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[impedīmentum]]

+ * [[impedītiō]]

+ * [[impeditō]]

+ * [[impeditor]]

+ * [[perimpedītus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[compediō]]

+ * [[expediō]]

+ * [[impedicō]]

+ * [[praepediō]]

+ * [[pēs]]

+ * [[compēs]]

+ * [[en|impede]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}