sane Latin · revision 18139

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=la sānus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈsaː.neː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈsaː.ne]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sānē''' (comparative sānius, superlative sānissimē)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|sānus|t=sound, healthy, sane]] with the adverb ending ⟨-ē⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) De Vaan calls the reconstruction [[itc-pro|*sāno-]], ⟨*seh₂-no-⟩, purely mechanical; [[m|la|sānus]] may come from a root ⟨*seh₂-⟩ “to tie”, “in order”, or from ⟨*sh₂-⟩ “to satisfy”, as in [[satis]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler dates it from Plautus,^(Köbler 2010) who has ''bonum est pauxillum amāre sānē, īnsānē nōn bonum est'', “it is good to love a little, sanely; to love insanely is not good”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Sānē'' is at first “soundly” (an augural formula reported by Festus: ''sānē sarctēque audīre'') and “sensibly, soberly”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Much more often it strengthens a statement, “certainly, truly, really”, and qualifies adjectives and adverbs, “very, quite” (Plautus: ''sānē brevest'', “it is quite short”, ''nōn sānē'', “not very”).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''Sānē quam'' is “extremely” (Cicero: ''sānē quam refrīxit'', “it has cooled off very much”).^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995) It agrees to a proposal, “by all means” (Plautus: ''eō ego. — ī sānē'', “I'm going. — Go by all means”), and concedes, “admittedly, to be sure”, often ironically.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “soberly, sensibly, truly”, and ''sānē quam'' “enormously”.^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''amāre sānē'';^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010) ''ī sānē''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero: ''sānē quam refrīxit''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace: ''nōn ego sānius bacchābor Ēdōnīs'', “I will rave no more sanely than the Thracians”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adverb===

+ # Soundly; sensibly, soberly.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # [[m|en|certainly]], truly, really.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # Very, quite;^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) ''nōn sānē'', not very.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''sānē quam'': extremely.^(OLD 2012)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # By all means (agreeing).^(OLD 2012)

+ # [[m|en|admittedly]], to be sure.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[sānus]]

+ * [[īnsānē]]

+ * [[satis]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}