transfero Latin · revision 18103

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=c. 250–184 BC, Plautus|origins=ine-pro *bʰer-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈtrãːf.fɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈtrans.fe.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''trānsferō''' (present infinitive trānsferre, perfect active trānstulī, supine trānslātum); third conjugation, suppletive^(Wiktionary)

+ It is also spelled ''trāferō'', with the supine ''trālātum''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed [[af|la|trāns|ferō|t1=across|t2=to carry]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives [[m|la|ferō]] from [[itc-pro|*fere/o-]], from [[ine-pro|*bʰer-e/o-|t=to carry]], while the participle ⟨-lātum⟩ comes from [[m|ine-pro|*tlh₂-to-|t=lifted]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Plautus has ''cadum modo hinc ā mē hūc cum vīnō trānsferam'', “I'll just carry a jar of wine over here from my house”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Trānsferre'' is “to carry across, transport”, and “to move, shift” something to another place (Lucretius of an image passing from mirror to mirror).^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It transfers abstract things from one person to another (Terence: ''culpam in tē trānsferet'', “he will shift the blame onto you”), and applies them to a new use: Terence says he “transferred” what suited from the ''Perinthia'' into the ''Andria''.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It also means to put off to another date, “to postpone”, and to carry in a procession.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ In a special sense it is “to translate” into another language, as Cicero speaks of making Plato and Aristotle known to his fellow citizens, and in rhetoric “to use figuratively”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Church Latin glosses it “to move, remove, transfer, transform, translate”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|transfer]] comes from it in the late 14th century, and [[m|en|translate]], from its participle, in the early 14th.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''cum vīnō trānsferam''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''culpam in tē trānsferet''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of images passing between mirrors.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of translating Greek authors.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English [[m|en|translate]].^(Etymonline)

+ * late 14th century – English [[m|en|transfer]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To carry across, [[m|en|transport]], convey.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To move, shift, [[m|en|transfer]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To transfer (to another person); to apply (to a new use).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To put off, [[m|en|postpone]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|translate]] (into another language);^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) to use figuratively.^(Wiktionary)

+ # To carry in procession;^(Wiktionary) to change, transform.^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[trānslātīcius]]

+ * [[trānslātiō]]

+ * [[trānslātīvus]]

+ * [[trānslātor]]

+ * [[trānslātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ferō]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}