expedio Latin · revision 18101

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=204–169 BC, Ennius|origins=ine-pro *pṓds}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ɛkˈspɛ.di.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ekˈspɛː.di.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''expediō''' (present infinitive expedīre, perfect active expedīvī or expediī, supine expedītum); fourth conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+ Ennius, Plautus, Pacuvius and Accius have the future ''expedībō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is formed from [[m|la|ex-|t=out]] and [[m|la|pēs|t=foot]] with the verb suffix ⟨-iō⟩, “to free the feet”, the opposite of [[m|la|impediō|t=to hinder]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) De Vaan derives [[m|la|pēs]] from [[itc-pro|*pōd-]], from [[ine-pro|*pṓds|t=foot]].^(de Vaan 2008)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Ennius has the archaic future ''expedībō''.^(OLD 2012) Plautus thanks Neptune ''quom mē ex suīs locīs … expedīvit'', “for letting me out of his domain”.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ ''Expedīre'' is “to free from fastenings, untie, unwrap” (Cicero of opening a box of poison), and “to extricate, release” a person.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary) It is to clear up difficulties (Terence: ''īram expediēs'', “you will settle the quarrel”), and to set out a matter, “to explain” (Plautus: ''capita rērum expedīte'', “give me the main points”).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It also means “to make ready” (reflexively “to get ready”), “to supply, provide” (Livy: ''ad commeātūs expediendōs''), and “to accomplish, work out”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Intransitively and impersonally it is “to be useful, expedient” (Cato: ''nihil est quod magis expediat quam bovēs bene cūrāre'', “nothing pays better than taking good care of the oxen”).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ Church Latin glosses it “to deliver, free, prepare, arrange, hasten”, and impersonally “it is advantageous”.^(Stelten 1995) English [[m|en|expedite]] comes from its participle in the 1610s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius has the future ''expedībō''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus: ''capita rērum expedīte''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato: ''nihil est quod magis expediat''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence: ''īram expediēs''.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1610s – English [[m|en|expedite]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To untie, unwrap, free from fastenings.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|extricate]], release, set free.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To clear up, settle (difficulties).^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To [[m|en|explain]], set out.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To make ready, [[m|en|prepare]];^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995) ''(reflexive)'' to get ready.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+ # To supply, provide.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To accomplish, carry out.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)

+ # ''(intransitive, often impersonal)'' To be useful, [[m|en|expedient]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Stelten 1995)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[expedientia]]

+ * [[expedītiō]]

+ * [[inexpedītus]]

+ * [[perexpedītus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[compediō]]

+ * [[impediō]]

+ * [[praepediō]]

+ * [[pēs]]

+ * [[expedītus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}